Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) is derived from abdominal pain and uterine cramps during menstruation. If there's no underlying cause is found, it's called Primary Dysmenorrhea and if the cause is abnormalities, it's called Secondary Dysmenorrhea.
CAUSES
Secondary dysmenorrhea is less common and occurs in 25% of women with dysmenorrhea. The cause of secondary dysmenorrhea are: endometriosis, fibroids, adenomyosis, inflammation of fallopian tubes,
abnormal adhesions between the organs in the abdomen, and the use of IUD.
RISK FACTORS
Primary dysmenorrhea usually arise in adolescence, which is about 2-3 years after the first period. While secondary dysmenorrhea often begin to emerge at the age of 20 years. Other factors that can aggravate dysmenorrhea are :
SYMPTOMS and SIGNS
Pain in the lower abdomen, which may spread to the lower back and legs. Pain is felt as the intermittent cramps or as a continuous dull pain there.
Usually the pain began to arise just before or during menstruation, reaches a peak within 24 hours and will disappear after 2 days. Dysmenorrhea is also often accompanied by headache, nausea, constipation or diarrhea and frequent urination. Sometimes until vomiting occurs.
MANAGEMENT
Increased age and pregnancy will cause the disappearance of primary dysmenorrhea. This is thought to occur because of uterine nerve deterioration due to aging and loss of nerve at the end of pregnancy.
To relieve pain medication may be given non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (such as ibuprofen, naproxen and mefenamic acid). This medication is most effective if started taken 2 days before menstruation and continued until day 1-2 of menstruation.
In addition to medications, pain also can be reduced by :
To treat nausea and vomiting can be given anti-nausea medication, but nausea and vomiting usually disappear if the pain has been resolved.
Symptoms can also be reduced with adequate rest and regular exercise. If the pain continues to be felt and interfere with daily activities, then it is given a low-dose birth control pills containing estrogen and progesterone or medroxyprogesterone given.
Giving the two drugs intended to prevent ovulation (release of eggs) and reducing the formation of prostaglandins, which in turn will reduce the severity of dysmenorrhea. If these drugs are not effective, then do additional checks (eg laparoscopy).
If very severe dysmenorrhea can be done detachments endometrium, which is a procedure in which the uterine lining burned or vaporized by a heater.
Treatment for secondary dysmenorrhea depends on the cause.
CAUSES
Secondary dysmenorrhea is less common and occurs in 25% of women with dysmenorrhea. The cause of secondary dysmenorrhea are: endometriosis, fibroids, adenomyosis, inflammation of fallopian tubes,
abnormal adhesions between the organs in the abdomen, and the use of IUD.
RISK FACTORS
Primary dysmenorrhea usually arise in adolescence, which is about 2-3 years after the first period. While secondary dysmenorrhea often begin to emerge at the age of 20 years. Other factors that can aggravate dysmenorrhea are :
- Uterus facing backwards (retroverted)
- Lack of exercise
- Psychological stress or social stress
Pain in the lower abdomen, which may spread to the lower back and legs. Pain is felt as the intermittent cramps or as a continuous dull pain there.
Usually the pain began to arise just before or during menstruation, reaches a peak within 24 hours and will disappear after 2 days. Dysmenorrhea is also often accompanied by headache, nausea, constipation or diarrhea and frequent urination. Sometimes until vomiting occurs.
Increased age and pregnancy will cause the disappearance of primary dysmenorrhea. This is thought to occur because of uterine nerve deterioration due to aging and loss of nerve at the end of pregnancy.
To relieve pain medication may be given non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (such as ibuprofen, naproxen and mefenamic acid). This medication is most effective if started taken 2 days before menstruation and continued until day 1-2 of menstruation.
In addition to medications, pain also can be reduced by :
- Take a rest
- Regular exercise (especially walking)
- Massage
- Yoga
Symptoms can also be reduced with adequate rest and regular exercise. If the pain continues to be felt and interfere with daily activities, then it is given a low-dose birth control pills containing estrogen and progesterone or medroxyprogesterone given.
If very severe dysmenorrhea can be done detachments endometrium, which is a procedure in which the uterine lining burned or vaporized by a heater.
Treatment for secondary dysmenorrhea depends on the cause.
So Ladiesss,, don't Let Dysmenorrhea hurts you.. ^^
Posted by :
Amelia Wulandari
201310410311060
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